Fabrication and optical doping of 1, 2 and 3 dimensional photonic materials using ion beams

M.J.A. de Dood, T.M. Hensen, L.H. Slooff, D.L.J. Vossen, T. van
Dillen, A. van Blaaderen and A. Polman

FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407,
1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

T. Zijlstra and E.W.J.M. van der Drift

Delft Institute for Microelectronics and Submicron Technology,
2600 GB Delft, The Netherlands

Spontaneous emission of atoms can be influenced by changing the local photonic density of states. Using ion implantation, chromium and erbium ions were placed at well defined depths below the surface of Al2O3 and SiO2 samples. By placing liquids with different refractive index on the surface the effect on spontaneous emission was measured and compared with theory. 2-D photonic crystals including waveguide structures were made by etching 5 micron tall 205 nm diameter cylinders in silicon. To probe the local density of states in such crystals these pillars were coated with a luminescing layer using a sol-gel process. The shape and optical properties of 3-D photonic colloidal crystals were altered using anisotropic deformation by 4 MeV Xe irradiation.